Solution of trigonometric equation avoiding the undefined case

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I'm given this trigonometric equation,
$$tan x+tan 2x=1-tan xtan 2x$$
I rewrote it as $$dfractan x+tan 2x1-tan xcdottan 2x=1$$
Using the identity, $$tan (A+B)=dfractan A+tan B1-tan Acdottan B$$ I simplified my equation as $$tan (x+2x)=1$$ which implies $$3x=dfracpi4+npi$$
So, $$x=dfracpi12+ncdotdfracpi3$$
Where, $n$ is an integer.



However, when $n=5$, $tan (2x)$ is undefined.
This is causing a problem.
WolframAlpha gave solutions which avoids my case.
How do I come to the solution which WolframAlpha gives?







share|cite|improve this question

























    up vote
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    I'm given this trigonometric equation,
    $$tan x+tan 2x=1-tan xtan 2x$$
    I rewrote it as $$dfractan x+tan 2x1-tan xcdottan 2x=1$$
    Using the identity, $$tan (A+B)=dfractan A+tan B1-tan Acdottan B$$ I simplified my equation as $$tan (x+2x)=1$$ which implies $$3x=dfracpi4+npi$$
    So, $$x=dfracpi12+ncdotdfracpi3$$
    Where, $n$ is an integer.



    However, when $n=5$, $tan (2x)$ is undefined.
    This is causing a problem.
    WolframAlpha gave solutions which avoids my case.
    How do I come to the solution which WolframAlpha gives?







    share|cite|improve this question























      up vote
      3
      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
      3
      down vote

      favorite











      I'm given this trigonometric equation,
      $$tan x+tan 2x=1-tan xtan 2x$$
      I rewrote it as $$dfractan x+tan 2x1-tan xcdottan 2x=1$$
      Using the identity, $$tan (A+B)=dfractan A+tan B1-tan Acdottan B$$ I simplified my equation as $$tan (x+2x)=1$$ which implies $$3x=dfracpi4+npi$$
      So, $$x=dfracpi12+ncdotdfracpi3$$
      Where, $n$ is an integer.



      However, when $n=5$, $tan (2x)$ is undefined.
      This is causing a problem.
      WolframAlpha gave solutions which avoids my case.
      How do I come to the solution which WolframAlpha gives?







      share|cite|improve this question













      I'm given this trigonometric equation,
      $$tan x+tan 2x=1-tan xtan 2x$$
      I rewrote it as $$dfractan x+tan 2x1-tan xcdottan 2x=1$$
      Using the identity, $$tan (A+B)=dfractan A+tan B1-tan Acdottan B$$ I simplified my equation as $$tan (x+2x)=1$$ which implies $$3x=dfracpi4+npi$$
      So, $$x=dfracpi12+ncdotdfracpi3$$
      Where, $n$ is an integer.



      However, when $n=5$, $tan (2x)$ is undefined.
      This is causing a problem.
      WolframAlpha gave solutions which avoids my case.
      How do I come to the solution which WolframAlpha gives?









      share|cite|improve this question












      share|cite|improve this question




      share|cite|improve this question








      edited Aug 7 at 15:06
























      asked Aug 7 at 15:02









      user571036

      27818




      27818




















          4 Answers
          4






          active

          oldest

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          up vote
          2
          down vote













          Note that the statement $$dfractan x+tan 2x1-tan xcdottan 2x=1$$ is valid only if the denominator $$1-tan xcdottan 2x ne 0$$



          We need to exclude the values for which $$ tan xcdottan 2x=1$$ from the solutions that you have found.



          This latest equation is not hard to solve and I let you handle it.






          share|cite|improve this answer




























            up vote
            0
            down vote













            i would use that $$tan(2x)=frac2tan(x)1-tan^2(x)$$
            Then you will get



            $$tan(x)+frac2tan(x)1-tan^2(x)=1-frac2tan^2(x)1-tan^2(x)$$



            now substitute $tan(x)=t$






            share|cite|improve this answer





















            • Substituting $tan x=t$ we get $t^3-3t^2-3t+1=0$ which is much more harder to work with.
              – user571036
              Aug 7 at 15:25










            • Not at all, it is $t^3-3t^2-3t+1=(t+1)(t^2-4t+1)$
              – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner
              Aug 7 at 15:30











            • Then give me the full solution.
              – user571036
              Aug 7 at 15:35










            • I would say please, but you will get $tan(x)=-1$ or $tan(x)=2pm sqrt3$
              – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner
              Aug 7 at 15:38


















            up vote
            0
            down vote













            You can divide with $tan x tan 2x-1$ iff $tan x tan 2xne 1$



            so $$2tan^2xover 1-tan^2x neq 1implies tan x neq pmsqrt3over 3 $$



            so $xneq pm pi over 6+pi cdot k;; k in mathbbZ$.






            share|cite|improve this answer






























              up vote
              0
              down vote













              The particular solutions ($0<x<2 pi$) are $dfrac pi 12$ and $dfrac 5 pi 12$, but when you work out both Wolfram Alpha's and the OP's solution, both general solutions come out to $$dfrac pi (4n+1)12$$



              The problem with that is you have to have a restriction for $n=2, n=5, n=8$ and $n=11$, which causes $tan 2x$ to be undefined. To restrict those values, we can write



              $$begincases
              x = infty, & text$forall n$ a multiple of $3n-1$ \
              x = dfrac pi (4n+1)12, & text$forall n$ not a multiple of $3n-1$
              endcases$$



              The reason why Wolfram Alpha wrote its general solutions as $$x = n pi - dfrac 7 pi12 text and x = n pi - dfrac 11 pi12$$ are because the negative angles are complementary to the positive ones, i.e. $frac pi 12$ and $frac 5 pi 12$ counterclockwise around the unit circle are equivalent to $-frac 7 pi 12$ and $-frac 11 pi 12$ clockwise around the unit circle. They also avoid the the undefined solutions altogether.






              share|cite|improve this answer























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                4 Answers
                4






                active

                oldest

                votes








                4 Answers
                4






                active

                oldest

                votes









                active

                oldest

                votes






                active

                oldest

                votes








                up vote
                2
                down vote













                Note that the statement $$dfractan x+tan 2x1-tan xcdottan 2x=1$$ is valid only if the denominator $$1-tan xcdottan 2x ne 0$$



                We need to exclude the values for which $$ tan xcdottan 2x=1$$ from the solutions that you have found.



                This latest equation is not hard to solve and I let you handle it.






                share|cite|improve this answer

























                  up vote
                  2
                  down vote













                  Note that the statement $$dfractan x+tan 2x1-tan xcdottan 2x=1$$ is valid only if the denominator $$1-tan xcdottan 2x ne 0$$



                  We need to exclude the values for which $$ tan xcdottan 2x=1$$ from the solutions that you have found.



                  This latest equation is not hard to solve and I let you handle it.






                  share|cite|improve this answer























                    up vote
                    2
                    down vote










                    up vote
                    2
                    down vote









                    Note that the statement $$dfractan x+tan 2x1-tan xcdottan 2x=1$$ is valid only if the denominator $$1-tan xcdottan 2x ne 0$$



                    We need to exclude the values for which $$ tan xcdottan 2x=1$$ from the solutions that you have found.



                    This latest equation is not hard to solve and I let you handle it.






                    share|cite|improve this answer













                    Note that the statement $$dfractan x+tan 2x1-tan xcdottan 2x=1$$ is valid only if the denominator $$1-tan xcdottan 2x ne 0$$



                    We need to exclude the values for which $$ tan xcdottan 2x=1$$ from the solutions that you have found.



                    This latest equation is not hard to solve and I let you handle it.







                    share|cite|improve this answer













                    share|cite|improve this answer



                    share|cite|improve this answer











                    answered Aug 7 at 15:38









                    Mohammad Riazi-Kermani

                    27.9k41852




                    27.9k41852




















                        up vote
                        0
                        down vote













                        i would use that $$tan(2x)=frac2tan(x)1-tan^2(x)$$
                        Then you will get



                        $$tan(x)+frac2tan(x)1-tan^2(x)=1-frac2tan^2(x)1-tan^2(x)$$



                        now substitute $tan(x)=t$






                        share|cite|improve this answer





















                        • Substituting $tan x=t$ we get $t^3-3t^2-3t+1=0$ which is much more harder to work with.
                          – user571036
                          Aug 7 at 15:25










                        • Not at all, it is $t^3-3t^2-3t+1=(t+1)(t^2-4t+1)$
                          – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner
                          Aug 7 at 15:30











                        • Then give me the full solution.
                          – user571036
                          Aug 7 at 15:35










                        • I would say please, but you will get $tan(x)=-1$ or $tan(x)=2pm sqrt3$
                          – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner
                          Aug 7 at 15:38















                        up vote
                        0
                        down vote













                        i would use that $$tan(2x)=frac2tan(x)1-tan^2(x)$$
                        Then you will get



                        $$tan(x)+frac2tan(x)1-tan^2(x)=1-frac2tan^2(x)1-tan^2(x)$$



                        now substitute $tan(x)=t$






                        share|cite|improve this answer





















                        • Substituting $tan x=t$ we get $t^3-3t^2-3t+1=0$ which is much more harder to work with.
                          – user571036
                          Aug 7 at 15:25










                        • Not at all, it is $t^3-3t^2-3t+1=(t+1)(t^2-4t+1)$
                          – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner
                          Aug 7 at 15:30











                        • Then give me the full solution.
                          – user571036
                          Aug 7 at 15:35










                        • I would say please, but you will get $tan(x)=-1$ or $tan(x)=2pm sqrt3$
                          – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner
                          Aug 7 at 15:38













                        up vote
                        0
                        down vote










                        up vote
                        0
                        down vote









                        i would use that $$tan(2x)=frac2tan(x)1-tan^2(x)$$
                        Then you will get



                        $$tan(x)+frac2tan(x)1-tan^2(x)=1-frac2tan^2(x)1-tan^2(x)$$



                        now substitute $tan(x)=t$






                        share|cite|improve this answer













                        i would use that $$tan(2x)=frac2tan(x)1-tan^2(x)$$
                        Then you will get



                        $$tan(x)+frac2tan(x)1-tan^2(x)=1-frac2tan^2(x)1-tan^2(x)$$



                        now substitute $tan(x)=t$







                        share|cite|improve this answer













                        share|cite|improve this answer



                        share|cite|improve this answer











                        answered Aug 7 at 15:11









                        Dr. Sonnhard Graubner

                        67.1k32660




                        67.1k32660











                        • Substituting $tan x=t$ we get $t^3-3t^2-3t+1=0$ which is much more harder to work with.
                          – user571036
                          Aug 7 at 15:25










                        • Not at all, it is $t^3-3t^2-3t+1=(t+1)(t^2-4t+1)$
                          – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner
                          Aug 7 at 15:30











                        • Then give me the full solution.
                          – user571036
                          Aug 7 at 15:35










                        • I would say please, but you will get $tan(x)=-1$ or $tan(x)=2pm sqrt3$
                          – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner
                          Aug 7 at 15:38

















                        • Substituting $tan x=t$ we get $t^3-3t^2-3t+1=0$ which is much more harder to work with.
                          – user571036
                          Aug 7 at 15:25










                        • Not at all, it is $t^3-3t^2-3t+1=(t+1)(t^2-4t+1)$
                          – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner
                          Aug 7 at 15:30











                        • Then give me the full solution.
                          – user571036
                          Aug 7 at 15:35










                        • I would say please, but you will get $tan(x)=-1$ or $tan(x)=2pm sqrt3$
                          – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner
                          Aug 7 at 15:38
















                        Substituting $tan x=t$ we get $t^3-3t^2-3t+1=0$ which is much more harder to work with.
                        – user571036
                        Aug 7 at 15:25




                        Substituting $tan x=t$ we get $t^3-3t^2-3t+1=0$ which is much more harder to work with.
                        – user571036
                        Aug 7 at 15:25












                        Not at all, it is $t^3-3t^2-3t+1=(t+1)(t^2-4t+1)$
                        – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner
                        Aug 7 at 15:30





                        Not at all, it is $t^3-3t^2-3t+1=(t+1)(t^2-4t+1)$
                        – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner
                        Aug 7 at 15:30













                        Then give me the full solution.
                        – user571036
                        Aug 7 at 15:35




                        Then give me the full solution.
                        – user571036
                        Aug 7 at 15:35












                        I would say please, but you will get $tan(x)=-1$ or $tan(x)=2pm sqrt3$
                        – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner
                        Aug 7 at 15:38





                        I would say please, but you will get $tan(x)=-1$ or $tan(x)=2pm sqrt3$
                        – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner
                        Aug 7 at 15:38











                        up vote
                        0
                        down vote













                        You can divide with $tan x tan 2x-1$ iff $tan x tan 2xne 1$



                        so $$2tan^2xover 1-tan^2x neq 1implies tan x neq pmsqrt3over 3 $$



                        so $xneq pm pi over 6+pi cdot k;; k in mathbbZ$.






                        share|cite|improve this answer



























                          up vote
                          0
                          down vote













                          You can divide with $tan x tan 2x-1$ iff $tan x tan 2xne 1$



                          so $$2tan^2xover 1-tan^2x neq 1implies tan x neq pmsqrt3over 3 $$



                          so $xneq pm pi over 6+pi cdot k;; k in mathbbZ$.






                          share|cite|improve this answer

























                            up vote
                            0
                            down vote










                            up vote
                            0
                            down vote









                            You can divide with $tan x tan 2x-1$ iff $tan x tan 2xne 1$



                            so $$2tan^2xover 1-tan^2x neq 1implies tan x neq pmsqrt3over 3 $$



                            so $xneq pm pi over 6+pi cdot k;; k in mathbbZ$.






                            share|cite|improve this answer















                            You can divide with $tan x tan 2x-1$ iff $tan x tan 2xne 1$



                            so $$2tan^2xover 1-tan^2x neq 1implies tan x neq pmsqrt3over 3 $$



                            so $xneq pm pi over 6+pi cdot k;; k in mathbbZ$.







                            share|cite|improve this answer















                            share|cite|improve this answer



                            share|cite|improve this answer








                            edited Aug 7 at 16:09


























                            answered Aug 7 at 15:12









                            greedoid

                            26.7k93574




                            26.7k93574




















                                up vote
                                0
                                down vote













                                The particular solutions ($0<x<2 pi$) are $dfrac pi 12$ and $dfrac 5 pi 12$, but when you work out both Wolfram Alpha's and the OP's solution, both general solutions come out to $$dfrac pi (4n+1)12$$



                                The problem with that is you have to have a restriction for $n=2, n=5, n=8$ and $n=11$, which causes $tan 2x$ to be undefined. To restrict those values, we can write



                                $$begincases
                                x = infty, & text$forall n$ a multiple of $3n-1$ \
                                x = dfrac pi (4n+1)12, & text$forall n$ not a multiple of $3n-1$
                                endcases$$



                                The reason why Wolfram Alpha wrote its general solutions as $$x = n pi - dfrac 7 pi12 text and x = n pi - dfrac 11 pi12$$ are because the negative angles are complementary to the positive ones, i.e. $frac pi 12$ and $frac 5 pi 12$ counterclockwise around the unit circle are equivalent to $-frac 7 pi 12$ and $-frac 11 pi 12$ clockwise around the unit circle. They also avoid the the undefined solutions altogether.






                                share|cite|improve this answer



























                                  up vote
                                  0
                                  down vote













                                  The particular solutions ($0<x<2 pi$) are $dfrac pi 12$ and $dfrac 5 pi 12$, but when you work out both Wolfram Alpha's and the OP's solution, both general solutions come out to $$dfrac pi (4n+1)12$$



                                  The problem with that is you have to have a restriction for $n=2, n=5, n=8$ and $n=11$, which causes $tan 2x$ to be undefined. To restrict those values, we can write



                                  $$begincases
                                  x = infty, & text$forall n$ a multiple of $3n-1$ \
                                  x = dfrac pi (4n+1)12, & text$forall n$ not a multiple of $3n-1$
                                  endcases$$



                                  The reason why Wolfram Alpha wrote its general solutions as $$x = n pi - dfrac 7 pi12 text and x = n pi - dfrac 11 pi12$$ are because the negative angles are complementary to the positive ones, i.e. $frac pi 12$ and $frac 5 pi 12$ counterclockwise around the unit circle are equivalent to $-frac 7 pi 12$ and $-frac 11 pi 12$ clockwise around the unit circle. They also avoid the the undefined solutions altogether.






                                  share|cite|improve this answer

























                                    up vote
                                    0
                                    down vote










                                    up vote
                                    0
                                    down vote









                                    The particular solutions ($0<x<2 pi$) are $dfrac pi 12$ and $dfrac 5 pi 12$, but when you work out both Wolfram Alpha's and the OP's solution, both general solutions come out to $$dfrac pi (4n+1)12$$



                                    The problem with that is you have to have a restriction for $n=2, n=5, n=8$ and $n=11$, which causes $tan 2x$ to be undefined. To restrict those values, we can write



                                    $$begincases
                                    x = infty, & text$forall n$ a multiple of $3n-1$ \
                                    x = dfrac pi (4n+1)12, & text$forall n$ not a multiple of $3n-1$
                                    endcases$$



                                    The reason why Wolfram Alpha wrote its general solutions as $$x = n pi - dfrac 7 pi12 text and x = n pi - dfrac 11 pi12$$ are because the negative angles are complementary to the positive ones, i.e. $frac pi 12$ and $frac 5 pi 12$ counterclockwise around the unit circle are equivalent to $-frac 7 pi 12$ and $-frac 11 pi 12$ clockwise around the unit circle. They also avoid the the undefined solutions altogether.






                                    share|cite|improve this answer















                                    The particular solutions ($0<x<2 pi$) are $dfrac pi 12$ and $dfrac 5 pi 12$, but when you work out both Wolfram Alpha's and the OP's solution, both general solutions come out to $$dfrac pi (4n+1)12$$



                                    The problem with that is you have to have a restriction for $n=2, n=5, n=8$ and $n=11$, which causes $tan 2x$ to be undefined. To restrict those values, we can write



                                    $$begincases
                                    x = infty, & text$forall n$ a multiple of $3n-1$ \
                                    x = dfrac pi (4n+1)12, & text$forall n$ not a multiple of $3n-1$
                                    endcases$$



                                    The reason why Wolfram Alpha wrote its general solutions as $$x = n pi - dfrac 7 pi12 text and x = n pi - dfrac 11 pi12$$ are because the negative angles are complementary to the positive ones, i.e. $frac pi 12$ and $frac 5 pi 12$ counterclockwise around the unit circle are equivalent to $-frac 7 pi 12$ and $-frac 11 pi 12$ clockwise around the unit circle. They also avoid the the undefined solutions altogether.







                                    share|cite|improve this answer















                                    share|cite|improve this answer



                                    share|cite|improve this answer








                                    edited Aug 9 at 12:19


























                                    answered Aug 8 at 0:04









                                    bjcolby15

                                    8191816




                                    8191816






















                                         

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